How install gcc with deb

[Caipenghui]

Hello, everyone:

My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a network in another computer from https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb into the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.

What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCC？I know that deb can't solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

Caipenghui
Nov, 17, 2018

[Tom H]

Post by Caipenghui
My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not
connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a
network in another computer from
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb into
the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCC？I know that deb can't
solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

I assume that you mean dpkg and not deb.

You can run "apt-get -d install gcc" to download the gcc deb and those
of its dependencies, copy them to the non-networked (!) computer, and
install them with "dpkg -i ...".

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Post by Tom H

Post by Caipenghui
My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not
connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a
network in another computer from
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb into
the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCC I know that deb can't
solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

I assume that you mean dpkg and not deb.
You can run "apt-get -d install gcc" to download the gcc deb and those
of its dependencies, copy them to the non-networked (!) computer, and
install them with "dpkg -i ...".

This could do the job, since Ubuntu is a release model distro, but it
still is risky, since even for a release model distro other packages
that aren't part of the gcc dependency chain, might be dependent on
something from this chain and might need an upgrade, too.

[Tom H]

On Sat, Nov 17, 2018 at 3:05 PM Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Tom H

Post by Caipenghui
My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not
connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a
network in another computer from
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb into
the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCC I know that deb can't
solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

I assume that you mean dpkg and not deb.
You can run "apt-get -d install gcc" to download the gcc deb and those
of its dependencies, copy them to the non-networked (!) computer, and
install them with "dpkg -i ...".

This could do the job, since Ubuntu is a release model distro, but it
still is risky, since even for a release model distro other packages
that aren't part of the gcc dependency chain, might be dependent on
something from this chain and might need an upgrade, too.

I made the possibly wrong assumption that both computers are running 18.04 :(

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Post by Tom H
I made the possibly wrong assumption that both computers are running 18.04 :(
If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04 installed on it you can
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils

Wouldn't this require that on both machines the same Ubuntu release
is installed and that on both machines the same packages and packages'
versions are installed, thus the consequence of this a full-upgrade is
required instead of "-d install gcc binutils"?

IOW on the Internet machine run

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

or just in case even

sudo apt -o APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages=1 full-upgrade

sudo cp -ai /var/cache/apt/archives/* /path/to/thumbdrive/

and on the other machine

sudo apt install /path/to/thumbdrive/*

?

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Tom H
I made the possibly wrong assumption that both computers are running 18.04 :(
If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04 installed on it you can
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils

Wouldn't this require that on both machines the same Ubuntu release
is installed and that on both machines the same packages and packages'
versions are installed, thus the consequence of this a full-upgrade is
required instead of "-d install gcc binutils"?

Assuming an intact cache, just the same packages, the versions should
be irrelevant.

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users
IOW on the Internet machine run
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade
or just in case even
sudo apt -o APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages=1 full-upgrade
sudo cp -ai /var/cache/apt/archives/* /path/to/thumbdrive/
and on the other machine
sudo apt install /path/to/thumbdrive/*
?

--
Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - The Game Is On
http://youtu.be/tL6Cuo0YPlo
Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - Down On My Knees
http://youtu.be/jD86aRsJ1N0
Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - Black Van
http://youtu.be/-lL--_xzNLI

[Robert Heller]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Tom H
I made the possibly wrong assumption that both computers are running 18.04 :(
If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04 installed on it you can
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils

Wouldn't this require that on both machines the same Ubuntu release
is installed and that on both machines the same packages and packages'
versions are installed, thus the consequence of this a full-upgrade is
required instead of "-d install gcc binutils"?

See the sentence you quoted: "If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04
installed on it you can do:". Yes, the presumption is that the networked
machine is running the same release as the non-networked machine.

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users
IOW on the Internet machine run
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade
or just in case even
sudo apt -o APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages=1 full-upgrade
sudo cp -ai /var/cache/apt/archives/* /path/to/thumbdrive/
and on the other machine
sudo apt install /path/to/thumbdrive/*
?

--
Robert Heller -- 978-544-6933
Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
***@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Post by Robert Heller
See the sentence you quoted: "If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04
installed on it you can do:". Yes, the presumption is that the networked
machine is running the same release as the non-networked machine.

While a release model distro isn't that sensitive regarding partial
upgrades, it still inherits a risk. If the install that isn't connected
to the Internet has got different additional packages installed, than
the install connected to the Internet, a partial upgrade is risky.

IOW the same Ubuntu release needs to be a default Ubuntu install without
any additional package installed or both installs need to have the same
additional packages installed and the cache of the machine installed to
the Internet must contain all of them. If so, it's required to do a
full-upgrade. If not, there potentially is a risk that a partial upgrade
breaks the install. This risk isn't that critical as for a rolling
release model distro, but even for a release model distro there at least
is a minimal insecurity doing partial upgrades.

"Minimal insecure" is similar to "a little bit pregnant", it's not a
matter of value.

[Robert Heller]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Robert Heller
See the sentence you quoted: "If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04
installed on it you can do:". Yes, the presumption is that the networked
machine is running the same release as the non-networked machine.

While a release model distro isn't that sensitive regarding partial
upgrades, it still inherits a risk. If the install that isn't connected
to the Internet has got different additional packages installed, than
the install connected to the Internet, a partial upgrade is risky.

I'm presuming that the two machines are kept pretty much in sync, at least as
far as the base packages (especially things like common libraries and core
utilities) are concerned. Have a bit of diversion amoungst optional
application packages probably is not going to matter.

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users
IOW the same Ubuntu release needs to be a default Ubuntu install without
any additional package installed or both installs need to have the same
additional packages installed and the cache of the machine installed to
the Internet must contain all of them. If so, it's required to do a
full-upgrade. If not, there potentially is a risk that a partial upgrade
breaks the install. This risk isn't that critical as for a rolling
release model distro, but even for a release model distro there at least
is a minimal insecurity doing partial upgrades.
"Minimal insecure" is similar to "a little bit pregnant", it's not a
matter of value.

--
Robert Heller -- 978-544-6933
Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
***@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Have a bit of diversion amoungst optional application packages
probably is not going to matter.

This most, most, most likely true! _But_ even while much, much, much
unlikely, it isn't necessarily true. Then keyword remains "probably".

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Have a bit of diversion amoungst optional application packages
probably is not going to matter.

This most, most, most likely true! _But_ even while much, much, much
unlikely, it isn't necessarily true. Then keyword remains "probably".

Hahaha, I type way too fast, it should read (still broken English):

This most, most, most likely is true! _But_ even while much, much, much
unlikely, it isn't necessarily true, the keyword remains "probably".

[Robert Heller]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Have a bit of diversion amoungst optional application packages
probably is not going to matter.

This most, most, most likely true! _But_ even while much, much, much
unlikely, it isn't necessarily true. Then keyword remains "probably".

Yes, there is always going to be possible problems. This sort of situation is
poorly handled/supported by Debian in general and Ubuntu in partitular --
Debian/Ubuntu is pretty much geared towards machines that are connected to
Internet with a decent bandwidth.

RHEL on the otherhand, uses install media containing a complete repository and
creating a local mirror of updates is a trivial matter of rsync'ing the
repository to removable media. This makes RHEL (and CentOS/Scientific Linux)
the ideal choice for a machine that is either off the Internet or connected
poorly to the Internet (like my home machine with only a Dialup Connection).

I'd would really like to recomend to the OP to NOT install any verison of
Ubuntu on a non-Internet connected machine.
--
Robert Heller -- 978-544-6933
Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
***@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

[...] RHEL on the otherhand [...]
I'd would really like to recomend to the OP to NOT install any verison
of Ubuntu on a non-Internet connected machine.

My "main" install is Arch Linux, a real rolling release and my "you
never know what happens to Arch Linux 'backup'" install is an Ubuntu LTS
install.

I agree, that in most cases it's way better to use Ubuntu with an
Internet connection, let alone a rolling release such as Arch Linux and
without doubts upgrading gcc works assuming the conditions you assume
are fulfilled.

However, why does the OP need an upgrade of gcc within the Ubuntu
release model distro policy only?

IMO it's fishy. A security upgrade makes sense, a feature upgrade
doesn't make sense. IOW, why is an upgrade of gcc only required for a
machine that isn't connected to the Internet?

[Robert Heller]

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

[...] RHEL on the otherhand [...]
I'd would really like to recomend to the OP to NOT install any verison
of Ubuntu on a non-Internet connected machine.

My "main" install is Arch Linux, a real rolling release and my "you
never know what happens to Arch Linux 'backup'" install is an Ubuntu LTS
install.
I agree, that in most cases it's way better to use Ubuntu with an
Internet connection, let alone a rolling release such as Arch Linux and
without doubts upgrading gcc works assuming the conditions you assume
are fulfilled.
However, why does the OP need an upgrade of gcc within the Ubuntu
release model distro policy only?
IMO it's fishy. A security upgrade makes sense, a feature upgrade
doesn't make sense. IOW, why is an upgrade of gcc only required for a
machine that isn't connected to the Internet?

It is possible that the machine originally had a 'minimual' install and so is
missing build-esentials. It also possible the OP is someplace that lacks
"Real" Internet. Like, for example, Western Mass. *I* live in a town (in
Western Mass) where there is no DSL, no cable provider, and spottly cell
coverage. *I* have dialup Internet at home (which I have to throttle down to
33KBPS, since the phone lines are crap and are not really up to spec (cannot
reliable handle V.90). Yes, there really are places like that, mostly in
rural USA. From an Internet Access POV, the USA has become a "third world
country".
--
Robert Heller -- 978-544-6933
Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
***@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

PS:

If Oliver, Robert, Tom or Ralf would upgrade gcc by this thumb drive
approach it would be ok, but if somebody needs to sent a request to a
mailing list in the first place, I tend to recommend against doing such
an upgrade, just for the "you never know how incomplete the request
already is" reason.

At least we should mention, to backup the install (not just /home)
before upgrading gcc this way.

[Robert Heller]

Post by Robert Heller

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users

Post by Tom H
I made the possibly wrong assumption that both computers are running 18.04 :(
If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04 installed on it you can
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils

Wouldn't this require that on both machines the same Ubuntu release
is installed and that on both machines the same packages and packages'
versions are installed, thus the consequence of this a full-upgrade is
required instead of "-d install gcc binutils"?

See the sentence you quoted: "If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04
installed on it you can do:". Yes, the presumption is that the networked
machine is running the same release as the non-networked machine.

Further, if one keeps the /var/cache/apt/archives and /var/lib/apt/lists/
directories sync'ed (eg rsync'ed via a sneakerneted thumb drive), then it is
possible to keep both machines sync'ed in terms on overall package versions.
As I said elsewhere, it is a sort of "poor man's" local mirror.

Post by Robert Heller

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users
IOW on the Internet machine run
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade
or just in case even
sudo apt -o APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages=1 full-upgrade
sudo cp -ai /var/cache/apt/archives/* /path/to/thumbdrive/
and on the other machine
sudo apt install /path/to/thumbdrive/*
?

--
Robert Heller -- 978-544-6933
Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
***@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

[Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users]

Oops, sent using the wrong email address:

Begin forwarded message:

Date: Sat, 17 Nov 2018 14:56:14 +0100
From: Ralf Mardorf <***@alice-dsl.net>
To: "ubuntu-users" <ubuntu-users-***@lists.ubuntu.com>
Subject: Fw: How install gcc with deb


I didn't notice that the OP is a cross-post idiot in the first place.

Begin forwarded message:

Date: Sat, 17 Nov 2018 14:53:43 +0100
From: Ralf Mardorf <***@alice-dsl.net>
To: ubuntu-devel-***@lists.ubuntu.com
Subject: Re: How install gcc with deb

My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not
connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a
network in another computer from
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb
into the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCC？I know that deb
can't solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

Hi,

actually this is a question that belongs to
https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-users.

You not necessarily just could download and install this package, if the
hard dependencies should have changed, too and assuming some
"soname" [1] things should have changed within the dependency chain, you
at least need to download what is marked as "depends" at
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/gcc and everything those
dependencies depend on and so on and so on, too.

Nowadays there's no need to use dpkg or gdebi workarounds, everything
could be done using apt, but the dependency pitfall still remains.

Note! If you download everything required for the gcc dependency chain,
it still could break packages that depend on something of this chain,
too.

An upgrade of something that fundamental without fulfilling
dependencies and dependencies of dependencies and other packages that
depend on it without an Internet connection, is something you should
avoid. OTOH since Ubuntu is a release model distro that apart from
something like browsers stays with major releases, there _should_ be at
least no "soname" issues. Regarding GTK 3 the major release means
nothing at all and breakage usually happens within major releases.
Regarding GCC you probably could upgrade without much worry regarding
"soname" issues, but it's not necessarily smart to do this by ignoring
the work of the distro maintainers.

IOW you could try to run

sudo apt install /path/to/package

(with an Internet connection, this would replace 'gdebi')

or

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/package

but I recommend against both of it.

Regards,
Ralf

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soname
--
Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - The Game Is On

Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - Down On My Knees

Kitty, Daisy & Lewis - Black Van

[Robert Heller]

If the OP has access to a networked machine running the same version of
Ubuntu, it is possible to use "apt-get install -d ..." to populate
networked machine's /var/cache/apt/archives and then use a "sneaker net" to
populate the non-networked machine's /var/cache/apt/archives and then do an
"apt-get install ..." Apt-get will then use the already downloaded files
without needing to access the networ.

Another option would be to use (large) removable drive as a mirror, populating
with debmirror on a networked machine and transporting the removable drive to
the non networked machine and suitably hacking the list files in
/etc/apt/lists... I don't know if you need to actually install apache on the
off-line machine (the URLs then become localhost://ubuntu...) or if you can
use URLs like file:///mirrordrive/ubuntu... -- I do this for some Ubuntu VMs
on my CentOS 6 host, which already has apache installed for web development
work.

Post by Ralf Mardorf via ubuntu-users
Date: Sat, 17 Nov 2018 14:56:14 +0100
Subject: Fw: How install gcc with deb
I didn't notice that the OP is a cross-post idiot in the first place.
Date: Sat, 17 Nov 2018 14:53:43 +0100
Subject: Re: How install gcc with deb

My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not
connected to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a
network in another computer from
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc download deb
into the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCCI know that deb
can't solve the dependency problem, what can we do?

Hi,
actually this is a question that belongs to
https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-users.
You not necessarily just could download and install this package, if the
hard dependencies should have changed, too and assuming some
"soname" [1] things should have changed within the dependency chain, you
at least need to download what is marked as "depends" at
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/gcc and everything those
dependencies depend on and so on and so on, too.
Nowadays there's no need to use dpkg or gdebi workarounds, everything
could be done using apt, but the dependency pitfall still remains.
Note! If you download everything required for the gcc dependency chain,
it still could break packages that depend on something of this chain,
too.
An upgrade of something that fundamental without fulfilling
dependencies and dependencies of dependencies and other packages that
depend on it without an Internet connection, is something you should
avoid. OTOH since Ubuntu is a release model distro that apart from
something like browsers stays with major releases, there _should_ be at
least no "soname" issues. Regarding GTK 3 the major release means
nothing at all and breakage usually happens within major releases.
Regarding GCC you probably could upgrade without much worry regarding
"soname" issues, but it's not necessarily smart to do this by ignoring
the work of the distro maintainers.
IOW you could try to run
sudo apt install /path/to/package
(with an Internet connection, this would replace 'gdebi')
or
sudo dpkg -i /path/to/package
but I recommend against both of it.
Regards,
Ralf
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soname

[Robert Heller]

Post by Caipenghui
My computer is loaded with ubuntu18.04 LTS, but my computer is not connected
to the Internet, so I can't install GCC online. So I have a network in
another computer from https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/devel/gcc
download deb into the u disk to install on my Ubuntu 18.04.

If this 'Other' computer also has Ubuntu 18.04 installed on it you can do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils

This will download all of the .deb files you need.

Then: copy all of the files in /var/cache/apt/archives/ to a folder on a
thumb drive and copy all of the files in /var/lib/apt/lists/ to separate
folder on the thumb drive.

Carry this thumb drive to the off-line machine and copy the files saved on the
thumb drive to the directories they were copied from.

Then you can do:

sudo apt-get install gcc binutils

Post by Caipenghui
What's the use of deb? How does deb install GCCI know that deb can't
solve the dependency problem, what can we do?
Caipenghui
Nov, 17, 2018

[Oliver Grawert]

hi,

Post by Robert Heller
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils
This will download all of the .deb files you need.

you probably want to call

sudo apt-get clean

before doing the above so you do not get old cached files that were
already sitting in /var/cache/apt/archives/ into the process ...

ciao
oli

[Robert Heller]

Post by Oliver Grawert
hi,

Post by Robert Heller
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install gcc binutils
This will download all of the .deb files you need.

you probably want to call
sudo apt-get clean
before doing the above so you do not get old cached files that were
already sitting in /var/cache/apt/archives/ into the process ...

OTOH, it might be desirable to *NEVER* do "sudo apt-get clean" and instead use
rsync+thumb drive+sneakernet to keep the /var/cache/apt/archives/ and
/var/lib/lists/ directories on the off-line machine synced to the on-line
machine. This creates a "poor mans" local mirror on the off-line machine,
allowing it to be kept up-to-date.

Post by Oliver Grawert
ciao
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